基于改进TOPSIS法的供应商选择模型研究

为有效地帮助企业快速找到合适的供应商合作伙伴,采用直觉模糊集、评分函数等方法对TOPSIS评估法进行优化,并以此为基础建立了一种供应商选择模型。首先,采集和评估供应商的产品质量、产品价格、产品交货的可靠性、供应位置、财务情况、库存水平、劳资关系、发展能力和技术能力等相关信息,由专家给出主观评估信息,汇总为综合属性值;然后,通过直觉模糊熵确定各评估指标的权重;最后,综合考虑供应商选择决策过程中的多个目标和标准,应用改进TOPSIS法的对供应商进行分类选择。结果显示,基于改进TOPSIS法的供应商选择模型能够较准确地反映出各供应商的真实水平和对企业的潜在价值,可以有效地解决不确定条件下对供应商的选择问题,提高了供应商选择结果的可靠性。改进后的模型简便易行,具有良好的稳定性,对于合理制定企业供应商选择标准以及进一步优化决策模型具有一定的借鉴意义。     

From cultivation to culture: Wheat farming and sex selection in China

Sex selection has been linked to son preference and discrimination against girls in many Asian countries. In this study, we shed light on the shaping role of rice–wheat cropping system to the subsequent gender inequality in China. Using an individual-level dataset compiled from a national scale survey and an archaeology publication, we show regional differences in gender inequality across China: parents show strong gender discrimination against girls in wheat regions. And 15.2 percentage points more parents from wheat regions engage in successful sex selection than those from non-wheat regions. The mechanism analysis reveals that women empowerment matters.     

GIS as a tool for selection of sample areas in a travel behaviour survey

Whilst Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are now used more commonly in transport research and modelling, GIS techniques were used in this study to select similar sample areas (in terms of geography and census attributes) for data collection. For this purpose, a GIS mapping system for Tyne and Wear, UK, was built. The system included topographic maps of the area, boundary maps of Lower Super Output Areas (LSOA), and aggregated census statistics datasets for LSOAs. Criteria relating to census attributes and the nature of transport were employed to identify ‘hotspots’ by GIS enquiry to provide suitably matching areas, which then formed the basis of the sampling frame.The research project was concerned with commuters’ travel choices and so the study needed to identify commuters. In this case-study context, it is not possible to select fully homogeneous areas, so the GIS ‘hotspots’ approach allowed the identification of areas where there were a high concentration of commuters with multiple alternatives for travel to work. A pilot study showed that the GIS origin-based approach was good in collecting a balanced sample, as compared to an employment-based destination survey. This paper explores the benefits and costs of these origin- and destination-based approaches. In the origin-based home sample, households with paper-based surveys were targeted after identification by GIS. This origin approach requires more data preparation compared to the alternative of an employer-based, destination-based sample that could use online survey methodologies.The paper concludes by identifying GIS as an important tool in selecting a sample area for data collection using multiple criteria, but argues that plans for data collection need to be flexibly constructed to overcome unexpected challenges. Although this paper focuses on a transport research case study, the methodology presented can be applied to survey design and selection of sample areas in other disciplines.     

基于因子分析法的物流供应商选择模型研究

为了解决在B2C交易实现过程中,由于物流配送供应商的选择不当,而出现配送周期长、费用高、退货退款率增加等问题,本文利用因子分析法探索选择物流配送供应商的合理方法,运用便捷有效的方法帮助电商选择适合自己的物流配送供应商。     

The main paths of medical tourism: From transplantation to beautification

Medical tourism, combining the very polarized purposes of pleasurable travel and potentially stressful health care services, is an emergent and growing business worldwide. Medical tourism patients are willing to travel abroad to seek better quality, lower cost, domestically unavailable, no wait-time destinations for non-emergency medical care. There are numerous related studies in the academic literature that are substantiated with multidisciplinary and diverse backgrounds. This study uses the main path analysis, a unique quantitative and citation-based approach, to analyze the significant development trajectories, important literature, and recent active research areas in medical tourism. We find that there are two distinctive development paths: one path focuses more on the evolution of medical tourism, the motivation factors, marketing strategies, and economic analysis; the other path emphasizes organ transplant and related issues. These two paths eventually merge to a common node in the citation network, which foretells transplantation to beautification as the future research direction trend.     

A320系列货舱门常见故障分析与排除

本文依据A320货舱门工作原理,结合航线的实际工作经验,总结分析了货舱门无法正常开关的故障原因。从液压油路,电路图两个方面分析了货舱门的操作原理,目的是快速找出最可能故障件,减少航班延误,保障航班安全。     

基于改进Dijkstra算法的最短路算法

Dijkstra算法是求解最短路径问题的经典算法。在现如今的城市交通网络中,经常需要寻求两个地点之间的最短距离,减少运输时间。本文将Dijkstra算法与C语言相结合,对Dijkstra算法进行改进,根据实际网络图的情况,建立了相应的数学模型,运用C语言编程,在给定的网络图中,实现了只需确定起始点和终点,就可以直接输出最短路径和最短距离的功能。在有多个相同最短路径的情况下,会将多个最短路径一起输出,在搜索到终点时,立即跳出,结束循环。在一般情况下,无需对所有点进行迭代,提高了效率。这种方法可以应用到现在的物流运输中,以此来节约时间,降低成本。     

价值工程方法在工程项目设计方案比选中的应用

项目的价值工程方法是一种以实现项目利益相关各方最高满意度的创造性活动,在规划设计阶段,价值工程对项目价值有决定性的影响。因此,在项目前期,应积极应用价值工程的方法进行多方案的比选分析,以达到项目价值的最大化目的。     

基于TOPSIS的航天工程项目合作伙伴选择方法

合作伙伴的科学选择是航天工程项目成功的关键。分析了我国航天工程项目合作伙伴管理的现状,构建了包含组织层、项目层和环境层的航天工程项目合作伙伴评价指标体系,通过信息熵和层次分析法进行组合赋权,建立了TOPSIS法评价模型。最后通过航天工程项目某航天器零部件的合作伙伴选择实例验证该评价体系具有较强的科学性和实用性。     

论我国土地征收法律制度的市场化改革路径

长期实践证明,以政府为中心的土地征收资源配置方式导致了日益严重的"城乡二元结构"经济社会问题。文章指出,目前,无论是在立法层面还是在政策层面,我国都有意无意地排斥市场决定性作用的发挥。"土地财政"之瘾、"对上负责"之道和"身兼数职"之状是导致上述问题的经济、政治和体制利益根源。文章认为,遵循市场规律、以市场为主导、使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好地发挥政府的监管职能,是我国土地征收法律制度改革的正确路径。